He was posthumously awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernes Kreuzes), an honour that recognised extreme bravery on the battlefield or outstanding military leadership. The medal was presented to his widow, Hildegard, on 6 January 1942.
Contents
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1 Early life
2 Personal life
3 Naval career
3.1 Imperial Navy
3.2 World War I
3.3 Between the wars: Reichsmarine
3.4 Between the wars: Kriegsmarine
3.5 Commander of the battleship Bismarck
3.6 Operation Rheinübung
3.7 Death
3.8 Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross




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